UDC 556.388:628.19 (550.42:546.79)
Shevchenko O.L.
Shevchenko O.L., Doctor of Geological Sciences, Chief Researcher of the Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Institute of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine and the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, ORCID: 0000-0002-5791-5354, shevch62@gmail.com
DOI: 10.15407/conference.geointegration.034
Pages: 34-40
A NEW METHOD FOR ASSESSING THE PROTECTION/VULNERABILITY OF GROUND AND SURFACE WATERS IN AREAS WITH DIFFUSE RADIOACTIVE POLLUTION
Abstract. The use of traditional index-rating methods for assessing the protection of groundwaters involves expert determination of weight coefficients, a dense uniform network of observation points and/or condition maps of assessment indicators, and the absence of real pollution. However, even in the absence of standard information for index assessments, it is possible to select informative indicators that allow typifying the territory according to the conditions of protection or vulnerability of not only groundwater but also surface waters. This requires a series of long-term observations of the actual water removal of the pollutant from the watershed. This approach was successfully implemented for an area that has been in a state of radioactive contamination for a long time – the Chernobyl NPP exclusion zone. The possibilities of applying the proposed complex method are somewhat limited by the mandatory prerequisites: 1) the pollution must be diffuse (distributed over the area) in nature; 2) at least 9 catchment basins must be identified; 3) the duration of surface runoff observations must be at least 8 years; 4) flat terrain, which implies a significant share of river feeding by groundwater (at least 35%).
Keywords: protection, vulnerability, groundwater, watercourses, catchment basins, 90Sr, indicators, factors, standardized indices, integral index.
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